Most articles on this answer 'which is it'. This one answers the question underneath: why anybody should care before picking up the phone, and what actually happens to a bee colony if you ring the right person.
Pollinator numbers have been falling for decades, and honey bees and bumblebees are a meaningful part of what is left. A colony destroyed because somebody assumed it was wasps is a real loss, and it is entirely avoidable by one photograph before anybody is booked.
It is also avoidable waste. You would be paying for a treatment that in most bee cases is unnecessary, when a beekeeper will frequently collect a swarm for nothing.
A honey bee swarm — the dense clustered ball hanging on a branch, a fence or a wall — is the easy case. It is a colony in transit, it is usually gone within a day or two on its own, and local beekeepers will often come and collect it at no cost because a free colony is worth having.
An established colony in a chimney or a cavity is harder. It involves comb, honey and often opening up the structure, and not every beekeeper will take one on. It is still not our job, and a beekeeper or a specialist bee removal service is the right call rather than a pest controller.
A bumblebee nest is small — often a few dozen insects rather than thousands — frequently in an old mouse hole, a compost heap or a bird box, and it dies out naturally by autumn. It will not be back in the same place the following year.
They are not aggressive and they sting rarely. In all but the most awkward positions the right answer is to leave it alone for a few weeks and let it finish, which costs nothing and is what we will tell you if you ring.
Solitary bees using separate small holes in soft mortar. No colony, no nest to find, no defence of territory, and they will not sting you. The holes are almost always holes that were already there, because the bee uses existing gaps rather than excavating sound mortar.
So the mortar is the problem and the bees are the symptom. Repointing in the autumn deals with it permanently; treatment deals with this year's bees and leaves the holes.
Larger, browner and more chestnut about the head and thorax than a common wasp, and the subject of more alarm than they deserve — they are notably less inclined to bother people than a late-season common wasp. They are treated like any other wasp nest where one is genuinely a problem.
The whole thing takes one photograph. Send it on WhatsApp before booking anything. If it is bees we will tell you so, point you at the right person, and charge you nothing for the answer.
No. Honey bee swarms and colonies go to a beekeeper, bumblebees are left alone wherever possible, and masonry bees need repointing rather than treatment.
Often not — a swarm is a free colony and many beekeepers are glad of it. An established colony in a chimney is harder and not every beekeeper will take one on.
Almost certainly masonry bees. They are solitary, they do not sting, and they use holes that were already in the mortar. Repointing is the answer.
Less trouble than their size suggests, and less inclined to bother people than a late-season common wasp. They are treated like any other wasp nest where one is genuinely in the way.
Twenty Berkshire towns, each with its own page written for that place.
Wasp nest removal is a fixed £90, with no call-out charge. Tell us roughly where the wasps are going in — a roof edge, an airbrick, a hole in the lawn, a shed — and how high up it is, and we will come back to you.
A fixed £90, with no call-out charge, and you do not need to have found the nest before you ring.